Explain the mechanism and occurrence of earthquake. With the help of map given below, throw light upon the vulnerability of regions affected by earthquake and earthquake related disasters.

Earthquake is the release of energy along the fault lines – leading to shaking of the earth. Mechanism of the occurrence of earthquake: - Shift in the tectonic plates → Built up of pressure along the fault lines - Sudden release of energy Vulnerable regions: i Along the fault lines of the tectonic plates ii Areas of heavy construction and mining activity – anthropogenic cause iii Detonation of powerful bomb. Eg Nuclear bomb Impact of earthquake: i It triggers other disasters – such as: a) Landslides in mountainous regions b) Fires and demolition of buildings in cities c) Tsunamis in oceans.

d) Sinking of land e) Floods due to breakage of dams/walls. Earthquakes causes socio-economic as well as ecological impacts. Earthquake resilient buildings as well as proactive measures can help in reducing its effects.

— ADITYA VIKRAM AGARWAL · AIR 9