Question 12GS3GS3

In the era of climate change and growing water scarcity, how can micro-irrigation systems contribute to sustainable agriculture practices in India?

Main Body

With 1171 population and just (2-3% ) of water resources with India, there is 'water scarcity'. Also agriculture irrigation needs water and 70% districts in over-exploited zone of groundwater CAWA Micro irrigation → Drip, Sprinkler systems contributing to sustainable agriculture practice: 1) 'Per Drop more crop' → as micro irrigation employ efficient water usage for 'targeted delving' 2) Saves upto 80% of water as compared to flood irrigation

3Fertigation technology → where application of nutrients/fertiliser become efficient to require only 20% of Urea, NPK → can also use 'Nano UREA, Nano DAP liquid by "Venhuey system"' 4) Helps in preventing soil erosion as flood irrigation, rainfall cause sheet erosion and top soil layer is removed 5) Prevents soil salinization as optimum fertiliser used 6) Control of weeds became simple and does not require weedicies → saves cost and plant health 7) Combined with mulching → micro irrigation delivers enhanced productivity of crops 8) Useful in horticulture which does not require frequent irrigation for mango orchards

Challenges: 1) Awareness, Accessibility, Affordability BAN – (Not suited for small land holders in India) as initial cost high despite subsidy ) 2) Maintenance cost and labour → as frequent cleaning of nozzles and filters required 3) Adaptability is less as farming resistant and prefer flood irrigation Government schemes of 'micro irrigation Centre of excellence, Private company tie-ups, National Horticulture Mission etc promote micro irrigation and is needed for 'sustainable agriculture' (SDG goals 1, 2, 13)

— Dishant Amrutlal Nisar · AIR 19

242 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Government schemes of 'micro irrigation Centre of excellence, Private company tie-ups, National Horticulture Mission etc promote micro irrigation and is needed for 'sustainable agriculture' (SDG goals 1, 2, 13)

29 words

Diagram

Diagram showing micro irrigation systems with sprinkler and drip irrigation labeled, showing subsurface and surface applications

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Topper

Dishant Amrutlal Nisar

AIR 19

Subject & Paper

GS3GS3

Topic

Agriculture and Food Security

Cropping pattern and irrigation

Writing Stats

271

Total words

Paragraphs

Linked PYQ

Describe precision agriculture and conservation agriculture.

2020Describe