CRISPR technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, with new tools and clinical breakthroughs. Highlight the recent developments in CRISPR-based gene editing technology. Discuss the opportunities and ethical challenges these advancements present for healthcare and society. (Answer in 250 words)

CRISPR technology uses a protein called 'cas-9' to act as molecular scissor and help in gene editing at a specific gene location. Recent advancements in CRISPR-based gene editing technology: (1) Increased specification of action reducing risks of side-effects (2) Promotion of personalised healthcare by development of 'plug and play' model using AI

Recent advancements continued: (2) Mechanisation of entire process of production to reduce time and cost in providing treatments (4) Solutions to rare diseases and auto-immune diseases becoming more certain (5) Combination with CAR-T therapy helps improve treatment benefits. Opportunities presented by CRISPR for healthcare and society: (1) Reducing cost of treatment making them widely accessible towards inclusive healthcare (2) More advancements in treating genetic diseases - eg down-syndrome (3) Future anticipation of disease during foetal development. Ethical challenges associated: (1) Issue of consent during clinical trials (2) Data privacy and mortisation (3) Designer Babies (4) Creating gulf between haves & have-nots (5) Unintended consequences - hybridisation of species

Ethical challenges continued: CRISPR technology holds great relevance for improving lives of billions and must be facilitated with clear and robust guidelines.

— ANANYA RANA · AIR 60