Despite having features borrowed from Constitutions of various other countries, the Constitution of India remains unique. Discuss. (Answer in 200 words)

Adopting major recommendations of Sarkaria and Bunchi Commission • Office of governor to be abolished • Fiscal federalism for states • Use of Article 356 as a last resort. Systemising mandate of Inter-State Council. Consulting with States when centre signs an international agreement. • No measure ensuring of central investigating agencies. • Iampowering and effective coordination between centre and states. The Covid-19 pandemic has served as vital reminder about the need to mutually cooperate and strengthen the cooperative spirit of Indian federalism to tackle national contingencies and ensure citizen conducive administration.

Indian Constitution is the largest constitution of world. It has certain provision borrowed from different constitutions of the world. A bag of Borrowing → Most of provision of the Constitution are taken from Government of India Act, 1935 → Borrowed provision like Fundamental Rights, election of president from USA → Different provision borrowed from different countries DPSP → Ireland ; Union with strong centre → Canada Bicameral legislature → Britain Fundamental duties → Russia

Unique Features → All things borrowed were modified as per Indian needs and requirement. → Innovative features and Articles (Article 40, 42, 356 etc) → Not an ordinary declaration but Indian federalism is sui-generis. → Parliamentary innovations like Zero hour, question hour etc. → Provisions of affirmative actions by state to uplift the deprived cast and justice. → Simulations of the rights are also included simultaneously, making rights crucial & clear.

An Preamble was circulated about Constitution being a borrowed log in the constitutional assembly. Babasaheb not only acknowledged good borrowing certain points but also highlighted the need to adopt international practices tested over the time.

— Pakshal Secretry · AIR 8