Article 15(4) provides that State shall enact a uniform civil code for its citizens - a common law for marriage, inheritance, property, divorce.

There equality central to dispute on Uniform civil code debate. UCC to ensure equal marriage age across religions e.g. Muslim → at puberty Other → 18 years. Eliminate discriminatory practice like Ni Kah halala, Triple Talaq. Ensure equal property rights for women across religion. Aimed at raising the Status of women in society. Focus on giving them more agency over life with gender justice and economic empowerment & independence.

Challenges in reconciling UCC with gender equality as enshrined in Constitution: Constitution includes provision of gender equality under Art 14, 15, 16, 21. Different message age in different religions. UCC seem as threat to religious freedom under Art 25. Different handling due to personal communities. Seen as threat to cultural identity. Law code social disharmony in society. Threat of imposition of majority culture on minorities. UCC is a radical step, it has to be implemented in stages by starting with reforms in personal laws to address gender inequality.

— Nidhi Goyal · AIR 91