Explain how the terms 'socialist' and 'secular' in the Preamble embody specific meanings in the Indian context.

Preamble is the soul of constitution of India, it is inspired from objective resolution, i.e. essayist guide laws even today. Added through 42nd constitutional amendment.

Meaning in Preamble:

1. Socialist → indicates state policy as a welfare state meaning in Indian context a) Welfare schemes - BJWPSA POSHAN b) Inclusive governance - gender budgeting c) Right to equality /equal d) Protection of law g: Power state.

Article 21 embodies broad meaning, delivering expansive justice by diverse interpretation of right to life keeping liberty. Indian judiciary has significant contribution to it.

Broad interpretation of article 21:

1. Right to be human dignity

eg: Menaka (Andar VI GOL case)

2. Right to die with dignity

eg: Aruna Shanbaug case

3. Right to privacy

eg: KS Puttaswamy judgment

4. Right to sleep

Secular → indicate state appeals to agnostics g: state monopoly on certain industries (i.e. nuclear weapons)

2. Secular → use all religions are equal for state, it will not discriminate with respect to self-identify keep positive secularism.

Meaning in Indian context:

a) Right to worship, propagate & practise religion (article)

b) No state funding of religious institution except for agara

c) No religious instruction in state-funded educational institution

d) Freedom to protect & preserve one's religion (through 29/30)

Hence these secular & socialist capacity, fraternity, justice altering in Indian context.

— DEEKSHA PATKAR · AIR 88