Question Q.20GS2GS1
Communalism gains strength from economic deprivation and thrusts in environments of social exclusion, creating fertile ground for discontent and division. Convinm
Introduction
Communalism is defined as an ideology according to which society is divided into different religious communities having different secular interests, social, economic, political, cultural, etc. In simple terms, 'forming a political code in religion'.
34 words
Main Body
Strength from economic deprivation
1Religious distinctions coinciding with class distinctions
Hindu-Zamindar and Muslim Jotefar in erstwhile Bengal.
2Relative deprivation
real or perceived
one of reasons of partition of India.
3Disparities among different religious communities
highlighted by Sachar Committee
Thesis with Social Exclusion
a) lack of cultural integration
Ghettoization
Stereotyping
Hostile attitudes toward each other.
b) Political Manipulation
religious outfits, political parties.
c) Elite power struggle
Socially excluded religious communities used as tools.
eg. Hindu honyolders and Muslim Zamindar in erstwhile Punjab.
Grounds for discontent and division
i) mutually hostile interests
secure communization
eg Two nation theory
ii) Demand for secession
eg. Pakistan
iii) Religious Fundamentalism
violent offshoot of communalism
eg JeI in Bangladesh, IBIs
iv) Communal riots
eg Jablpur, Muzafarnagar, Babri Masjid riots.
v) Further social-societal isolation
Threat to national unity and multiculturalism (core values of Constitution).
Way forward
Short-term:
Role of NGOs, civil society for harmony.
Banning of religious outfits.
Checking hate speech.
Long-term:
Inclusive growth & development.
value based education.
Eradicate primary journey & unemployment.
— Abhimanyu Malik · AIR 60
193 words17 paragraphs23 bullet points
- Connected economic deprivation to communal tensions with specific examples
- Identified role of political manipulation and elite power struggle
- Provided concrete historical examples from Bengal and Punjab
- Suggested both short-term and long-term solutions
- Referenced Sachar Committee findings
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Topper
Abhimanyu Malik
AIR 602023
Subject & Paper
GS2GS1
Topic
Indian Society
Communalism and Social Division
Causes and Effects of Communalism
Writing Stats
227
Total words
17
Paragraphs
23
Bullets
Analytical and structured
Tone