Main Body
Phasing out of Coal from our energy basket is difficult:
Technological Limitations → carbon capture and storage (CCS) tech is still developing in India.
Coal phase out policies are still evolving & regulations.
Geopolitics and Trade → India exports coal to meet domestic demand with 2.7 mt import in 2020-21 (MoCoal)
Energy storage and grid integration is delimited. UJVWM 2020-21
Employment → around 3.7 lakh (abelito MoCoal)
(eg) Karba coalfield (Chhattisgarh) is one of the largest coal producing areas in the world India, with multiple coal-field parameters nearby.
The maintenance aspect of renewable energy sources like solar wind etc are expensive.
Investment of around 1 Trillion USD needed
Henceforth, it will require a gradual convergent process as also highlighted in the COP26 layered under
— SALONI VATS · AIR 273
- Identifies infrastructure lock-in as a key constraint
- Discusses technological gaps in CCS development
- Considers geopolitical and trade dimensions
- Provides specific data (2.7 mt import)
- Addresses employment concerns (3.7 lakh jobs)
- Provides specific regional example (Karba coalfield)
- Discusses maintenance costs of renewable alternatives
- Quantifies investment requirement (1 trillion USD)
- References international climate commitments
SALONI VATS
Energy resources and economy
Coal dependency in India
Reasons for coal reliance and challenges in transition
174
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11
Paragraphs
2
Bullets
comprehensive and policy-focused
Tone