Question Q.16 (continued)GS3GS1

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Main Body

Low wind speed → in winter allow pollutants to linger in the site for lower period (Winter fog)

Seasonal activities

Stubble burning → Punjab & Haryana. This releases large PM 2.5 & higher, which is then transported by wind towards DELHI-NCR.

Increased vehicle emissions → colder temperature can lead to more vehicle used

Efficacy of Existing Measures:

Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)

Includes → restriction of construction, road even vehicle stationing, closure of polluting industries

Evaluation: GRAP has shown some success but lacks long-term effectiveness due to challenges in implementation and enforcement.

Promotion of Public Transport

Expanding Delhi-Metro + Electric vehicles

While ridership on public transport has increased, still private vehicle are significant

Industrial Regulation

Cleaner industrial processes and stricter emission standards.

Despite regulations, industrial emission generates a source of concern.

Best Practices → Rice Bioparks, Anti-smog Towers

To pursue the criticality of Air pollution various measures taken like Panadmit (COP-5 UNFCCC), NDCA, Sameer App, World's Heat performance based fiscal transfer (ISA-finance Commission), council study for air quality management at etc.

— SALONI VATS · AIR 273

183 words9 paragraphs8 bullet points

This is a continuation from previous page

Clearly distinguishes meteorological and seasonal factors
Mentions specific source (Punjab & Haryana stubble burning)
Evaluates GRAP with balanced criticism
Addresses enforcement challenges
Covers multiple intervention areas (transport, industry, technology)
Mentions innovative solutions like rice bioparks and anti-smog towers
References international and national frameworks
Provides comprehensive mitigation strategy overview

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SALONI VATS

AIR 2732025

Subject & Paper

GS3GS1

Topic

Environmental degradation and pollution

Air pollution control

Winter air quality deterioration and mitigation measures

Writing Stats

183

Total words

Paragraphs

Bullets

policy-oriented and descriptive

Tone