What characteristics of the monsoon climate play a crucial role in sustaining agriculture in Monsoon Asia? (10 marks, 150 words)

Monsoon as responsible for 60% irrigation needs of South Asia, crucial for agricultural needs.

Crucial Role in sustaining agriculture

① Set pattern and high predictability ensure fixed seeding & harvesting mechanisms. eg. Kharif crops - Rice/Barley

② Critical role in irrigating farmlands via precipitation and well distributed pattern of it.

③ Plays essential Role in Recharge and Renewal of Groundwater Aquifers (of which ~85% is used for Agriculture)

④ Enhanced forecasting provides better agricultural practices and enhanced Yields (Precision agriculture)

⑤ Critical in growing water-intensive crops, eg. Rice & Sugarcane. Saves water & Resources.

⑥ Monsoon climate provides optimum Temperature ~22°C : essential for agri-productivity of tropical crops.

⑦ Monsoon plays essential role in Soil nourishment (Laterisation - Kerala) e.g. Cashew.

— Rishul Neema · AIR 267