Question Q.13Elucidate and list challengesGS3GS1

5G technology is a breakthrough that finds applications across diverse sectors. Elucidate. How is 5G technology different from its predecessors? Also, list the various challenges associated with its effective rollout.

Introduction

5G is a 5th generation mobile telecommunication technology which totally overhauled the advantages of its predecessors for something phenomenal - it is a leap-frog tech.

25 words

Main Body

Generations: 1G → 2G → 3G,4,5G

1G: only call, Argent calls

2G: Call + SMS, TSPO internet (10-15KBPS)

3G,4,5: Taltsms internet, data call, 4G is slow internet

ISSUES (low reliability, high costs, slow speed)

5G is the breakthrough

1Ultraflo latency (5ms) → Faster communicating [real time] EXPECT affects (self-driving cars, IoT)

2Metworking - allows multiple stand alone networks ⇒ reduces cost of chain, business and improves quality of life.

3High frequency and double capacity (up bandwidth)

4Very high speed: up to 40 GBPS (6 method loitering of 4G)

Significance: real time application (Zoom), Governance (automatic toll collection), Self-driving car, online examinations

However there are certain → [challenges]

1Multiple mobile towers required to form a stable network due to high frequency and low wavelength ⇒ cost of Capey coil route

2High cost of rollout as 4G is not too old (costs of 4G not reaped) ⇒ reduced interest in spectrum allot

3Frequency interference with aircraft and other channels

4Digital divide in India (<650 millions use cable internet, TRAI April 2024) - Competition promoting telecom display ⇒ required at BSNL

(a) Subsidizing the customers

(b) development of indigenous equipment (UPIPC) (PLI > 6000, Umbit subsidiary actors) (ES 26.2.3)

5G is the mean of digitized reality, admittedly India and developed India.

— Mohit Aggarwal Nadbaiwalla · AIR 281

216 words6 paragraphs

Clear comparison of generations
Structured approach with generational breakdown

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Topper

Mohit Aggarwal Nadbaiwalla

AIR 2812024

Subject & Paper

GS3GS1

Topic

Science & Technology

Telecommunications

5G Technology

Writing Stats

241

Total words

Paragraphs

Technical/structured

Tone

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