Question 17Discuss the geo-political aspects of lithium production and its environmental implicationsGS1GS1

Giving an account of the major lithium-producing countries, discuss the geo-political aspects of lithium production and its environmental implications-(Answer in 250 words)

Introduction

The major lithium producing countries are Chile, Argentina and Bolivia (in South America), the USA, China and Australia. Out of these, the lithium charge costs the majority of the world's reserves (A-B-C Argentina Bolivia, Chile)

35 words

Main Body

Geopolitical aspects:

1. Critical for green transition: used in lithium ion batteries, electronics, vehicles → power generation.

2. Race to secure resources: eg: China and US foray into South America to procure lithium.

3. Economic implication: driving out of value added - export to other countries (processing lithium to produce batteries)

India's estimated lithium reserves are now the 5th largest in the world (found in Kasi district of Jammu and Kashmir) - this will aid self-sufficiency - will help leverage LEET with USA - will aid energy transition

Environmental aspects of production:

Brine method:

Pollution of water resources as water dried up to extract lithium

Prevents proper utilisation of water; leads to scarcity

Causes loss of biodiversity

Mining:

Leads to land pollution

Embracion causes loss of vegetation

Causes loss of biodiversity

Thus the A-B-C lounge faces acute water shortage that is exacerbated. Besides this, foray of countries to produce more lithium prevents value addition and more generation in these countries (Lithium imported as a natural resource.)

Way forward:

1. Sustainable extraction methods: move away from brine extraction.

2. Mining done to prevent as much damage: eg: use of Environmental Impact Assessment.

— BHAVIKA CHOFRA · AIR 25

197 words11 paragraphs6 bullet points

Conclusion

Hence, despite its importance, lithium must be used in a way and produced such that benefits accrue equitably to those involved.

21 words

Identifies major producers accurately
Highlights concentration in South America
Recognizes lithium's strategic importance

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BHAVIKA CHOFRA

AIR 252025

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world

Lithium Resources

Geopolitical and Environmental Aspects of Lithium Production

Writing Stats

253

Total words

Paragraphs

Bullets

introductory/analytical

Tone

Linked PYQ

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