Question Q.19Analyse. Answer in 250 wordsGS1GS1

Slums are not 'problems' that have to be 'solved' - but are indeed a result of lopsided and vested urban policies covering infrastructure provision and socio-economic issues. Analyse.

Introduction

India commands 11% of world's slums. These are dilapidated, poor housing regions which lack basic facilities of water, sanitation, safety etc. [ex] Dharavi in Mumbai

25 words

Main Body

Slums are not problems: 1. Source of urban economy [ex] shopkeepers, vendors, maids like hire. 2. Source of innovation & dividend [ex] Migrant population of a state lives here. 3. Talent pool resides in slum [ex] a girl from Dharavi signed a contract for 4 Hollywood movies

Result of lopsided urban policy: (1) High rent & land utilization ignorance leads to squattering of clume. (2) Poor facilities provided to these region [58%/. have no drainage; census 2011]. (3) Municipal Failure on waste disposal & baseline sanitation is bleeding swords for diseases. (4) Ghettoization leads to class divides within cities aggravating exclusions.

Additional measures: > in situ opportunities for overall growth. > proper city planning to accomodate expected rise in population. Cities Alliance action (GA) describes slums as neglected part of the city. Efforts to rectify this will help attain SDG 1, 10 etc.

— Annapurna Singh

143 words1 paragraphs

Conclusion

Need of the hour is: > provide basic facilities [ex] PM Awas. > proper relocation when uprooted for development [ex] during G20 summit. > loss & damage fund as concluded in U20 summit

33 words

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Topper

Annapurna Singh

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Urbanization and associated issues

Slums and urban poverty

Slums as economic and social phenomena

Writing Stats

201

Total words

Paragraphs

Linked PYQ

Answer all of the following questions in about 150 words each: 10x5=50 (a) Analyse the ways in which Joseph Conrad's Lord Jim addresses the ideological and moral consequences of colonialism and racism. 10 (b) Elaborate how guilt, sin and confession contribute to Stephen's moral and psychological development in James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. 10 (c) Examine the characters in Sons and Lovers from a psychoanalytical perspective. 10 (d) Analyse how E.M. Forster employs the tripartite structure in A Passage to India to explore the limits of cross-cultural understanding. 10 (e) Examine Mrs. Dalloway as a novel that explores its deepest concerns through the themes of medicine, empire, and love. 10

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